{"id":1698,"date":"2013-06-24T20:01:06","date_gmt":"2013-06-24T20:01:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/?page_id=1698"},"modified":"2013-06-24T20:06:31","modified_gmt":"2013-06-24T20:06:31","slug":"hornafoll-fyrir-flugmodelsmidi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/?page_id=1698","title":{"rendered":"Hornaf\u00f6ll fyrir flugm\u00f3delsmi\u00f0i"},"content":{"rendered":"<style type=\"text\/css\"><!--\nTD P { margin-bottom: 0cm; }H2 { margin-bottom: 0.21cm; }H2.western { font-family: \"Arial\",sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; }H2.cjk { font-family: \"Droid Sans Fallback\"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; }H2.ctl { font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; }H1 { margin-bottom: 0.21cm; }H1.western { font-family: \"Arial\",sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; }H1.cjk { font-family: \"Droid Sans Fallback\"; font-size: 16pt; }H1.ctl { font-family: \"DejaVu Sans\"; font-size: 16pt; }P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm; }\n--><\/style>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\"><b>Hornafr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/b> er besta verkf\u00e6ri\u00f0 \u00feegar unni\u00f0 er me\u00f0 <b>horn<\/b>. Oft er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 sk\u00fdra erfitt vandam\u00e1l me\u00f0 einf\u00f6ldu d\u00e6mi um \u00fer\u00edhyrning.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/dihedral.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1699 alignnone\" alt=\"a\u00f0halli\" src=\"http:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/dihedral-300x129.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"129\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/dihedral-300x129.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/dihedral.jpg 595w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Til d\u00e6mis er au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 s\u00fdna <b>a\u00f0halla<\/b> (e. dihedral) \u00e1 m\u00f3delv\u00e6ng sem <strong>\u00fer\u00edhyrning.<\/strong> Sm\u00ed\u00f0abor\u00f0i\u00f0 er ein hli\u00f0 \u00fer\u00edhyrningsins, v\u00e6nghelmingurinn er \u00f6nnur hli\u00f0 og h\u00e6\u00f0in sem v\u00e6ngendanum er lyft upp er \u00feri\u00f0ja og s\u00ed\u00f0asta hli\u00f0 \u00fer\u00edhyrningsins.<\/p>\n<h2>Um \u00fer\u00edhyrninga<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">\u00der\u00edhyrningur er settur saman \u00far sex hlutum \u2013 \u00ferem hornum og \u00ferem hli\u00f0um. Hornin \u00ferj\u00fa eru samanlagt alltaf <b>180\u00b0<\/b>. Ef ma\u00f0ur veit tv\u00f6 horn, \u00fe\u00e1 er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 leggja \u00feau saman og draga \u00feau fr\u00e1 180 til a\u00f0 finna \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feri\u00f0ja.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Ef \u00fe\u00fa sm\u00ed\u00f0ar flugm\u00f3del, \u00fe\u00e1 kemst \u00fe\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa f\u00e6r\u00f0 stundum tilgangslausar uppl\u00fdsingar, eins og gr\u00e1\u00f0ur a\u00f0hallans. \u00dea\u00f0 eina sem \u00fe\u00fa virkilega \u00fearft a\u00f0 vita er hversu h\u00e1tt \u00fe\u00fa \u00e1tt a\u00f0 lyfta v\u00e6ngendanum \u00feegar \u00fe\u00fa l\u00edmir v\u00e6nghelmingana saman.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Og \u00fea\u00f0 er h\u00e9r sem hornafr\u00e6\u00f0i kemur til hj\u00e1lpar. Ef \u00fe\u00fa teiknar \u00fe\u00edn egin m\u00f3del, \u00fe\u00e1 kemstu a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa \u00fearft a\u00f0 nota hornafr\u00e6\u00f0ina jafnvel enn meira. Og, aftur, h\u00fan er ekki erfi\u00f0. \u00deetta er bara spurning um a\u00f0 skilja hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 nota hana. \u00de\u00fa \u00fearft ekki a\u00f0 vita hvers vegna h\u00fan virkar, en ef \u00fe\u00fa vilt, \u00fe\u00e1 getur \u00fe\u00fa flett s\u00f6nnunum upp \u00ed kennslub\u00f3kum um flatarm\u00e1lsfr\u00e6\u00f0i fyrir framhaldssk\u00f3la.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">\u00deegar \u00e9g komst \u00ed framhaldssk\u00f3la var \u00e9g b\u00fainn a\u00f0 teikna og sm\u00ed\u00f0a fj\u00f6lda flugm\u00f3dela og \u00e9g myndi segja a\u00f0 tv\u00f6 gagnlegustu n\u00e1mskei\u00f0in sem \u00e9g t\u00f3k, \u00feegar ma\u00f0ur sko\u00f0ar m\u00f3delsm\u00ed\u00f0ar, voru flatarm\u00e1lsfr\u00e6\u00f0i og algebra.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">\u00de\u00fa getur sj\u00e1lfsagt munar eftir \u00fev\u00ed \u00feegar \u00fe\u00fa sast \u00ed t\u00edma og hugsa\u00f0ir \u201eHven\u00e6r \u00e6tti \u00e9g nokkurn t\u00edmann a\u00f0 nota \u00feetta bull???\u201c<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">\u00c9g var \u00fea\u00f0 heppinn a\u00f0 hafa svari\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feessari spurningu \u00feegar \u00e9g byrja\u00f0i \u00e1 n\u00e1msefninu og \u00feess vegna fannst m\u00e9r \u00feetta b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1hugavert og gagnlegt. \u00c9g hef oft nota\u00f0 \u00feessa \u00feekkingu s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00fe\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Flatarm\u00e1lsfr\u00e6\u00f0i er gagnleg vi\u00f0 teiknibor\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 er n\u00e6stum sama hva\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa l\u00e6rir, \u00fe\u00e1 kemur a\u00f0 gagni vi\u00f0 teikningu. Ef \u00feig langar til a\u00f0 hanna og teikna \u00fe\u00edn eigin m\u00f3del, \u00fe\u00e1 ey\u00f0ir \u00fe\u00fa miklum t\u00edma \u00ed tilraunir og mist\u00f6k \u00ed sm\u00ed\u00f0astofunni ef \u00fe\u00fa kannt ekki st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ina.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Algebra er s\u00e9rlega gangleg til a\u00f0 finna svari\u00f0 sem vantar. Til d\u00e6mis, ef \u00fe\u00fa st\u00e6kkar m\u00f3del sem er me\u00f0 150 sm v\u00e6nghaf og v\u00e6ngbreidd upp \u00e1 25 sm upp \u00ed 180 sm v\u00e6nghaf, \u00fe\u00e1 er \u00fea\u00f0 algebra sem er notu\u00f0 til a\u00f0 finna n\u00fdju v\u00e6ngbreiddina.<\/p>\n<h2>Hugt\u00f6k<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>St\u00f3rt A<\/b> t\u00e1knar \u00f3\u00feekkta horni\u00f0 sem veri\u00f0 er a\u00f0 reikna (h\u00e1stafir eru nota\u00f0ir um horn, en l\u00e1gstafir um hli\u00f0ar). Ef \u00fe\u00fa veist hvert horni\u00f0 er, en \u00e6tlar a\u00f0 finna hli\u00f0ar \u00fer\u00edhyrningsins, \u00fe\u00e1 skaltu rita gr\u00e1\u00f0urnar frekar en stafinn.<\/li>\n<li><b>R\u00e9tt<\/b><b>hyrnd<\/b><b>ur \u00fer\u00edhyrningur<\/b> hefur eitt 90\u00b0 horn. \u00deetta er besti \u00fer\u00edhyrningurinn til a\u00f0 s\u00fdna \u00fdmis vandam\u00e1l sem vi\u00f0 rekum okkur \u00e1. Hin hornin geta veri\u00f0 hva\u00f0 sem er, sem samanlagt er 90\u00b0, svo sem 45\u00b0 og 45\u00b0 e\u00f0a 60\u00b0 og 30\u00b0. Athuga\u00f0u a\u00f0 enginn \u00fer\u00edhyrningur getur haft tv\u00f6 horn sem b\u00e6\u00f0i eru 90\u00b0, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fat \u00far \u00fev\u00ed k\u00e6mi bein l\u00edna, ekki \u00fer\u00edhyrningur.<\/li>\n<li>Lengsta hli\u00f0in \u00ed \u00fer\u00edhyrningi er k\u00f6llu\u00f0 <b>langhli\u00f0<\/b> (e. Hypotenuse). Hinar tv\u00e6r hli\u00f0arnar eru kalla\u00f0ar <b>skammhli\u00f0ar<\/b>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u00derj\u00fa mikilv\u00e6gustu hornaf\u00f6llin<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\"><b>Athuga\u00f0u<\/b><b>:<\/b> \u00d6ll st\u00fdrikerfi \u00ed t\u00f6lvum innihalda reikniv\u00e9l sem getur gert allt sem vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum. \u00deessi forrit eru geymd \u00e1 mismunandi st\u00f6\u00f0um, en yfirleitt er au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 finna \u00feau.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00deegar \u00fe\u00fa ert b\u00fainn a\u00f0 r\u00e6sa reikniv\u00e9lina er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 velja <b>Scientific<\/b> e\u00f0a <b>Advanced<\/b> af <b>valstikunni<\/b> og \u00fe\u00e1 koma hnappar fyrir hornaf\u00f6llin \u00ed lj\u00f3s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Allt sem kemur h\u00e9r \u00e1 eftir \u00e1 vi\u00f0 um r\u00e9tthyrnda \u00fer\u00edhyrninga.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">\u00deau \u00ferj\u00fa f\u00f6ll sem mest eru notu\u00f0 \u00ed hornafr\u00e6\u00f0i eru <b>S\u00ednus<\/b>, <b>K\u00f3s\u00ednus<\/b> og <b>Tangens<\/b> (SIN, COS og TAN \u00e1 flestum reikniv\u00e9lum). \u00deessi hugt\u00f6k voru fundin upp til a\u00f0 hr\u00e6\u00f0a nemendur fyrir l\u00f6ngu s\u00ed\u00f0an, \u00feegar kennarar h\u00e9ldu a\u00f0 hr\u00e6\u00f0sla v\u00e6ri skilvirkasti kennslum\u00e1tinn. Ef \u00fe\u00fa ert enn a\u00f0 lesa \u00feetta, \u00fe\u00e1 ertu um \u00fea\u00f0 bil a\u00f0 komast a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hversu einf\u00f6ld \u00feessi hugt\u00f6k eru \u00ed raun.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">\u00deessi \u00ferj\u00fa hornaf\u00f6ll gera \u00ed raun \u00f6ll \u00fea\u00f0 sama \u2013 deila \u00ed lengd einnar hli\u00f0ar \u00fer\u00edhyrnings me\u00f0 lengd annarar. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fea\u00f0 eina sem \u00feau gera!<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 765px; height: 202px;\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"4\">\n<tbody>\n<tr valign=\"TOP\">\n<td width=\"50%\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/trigonometry.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1700 aligncenter\" alt=\"trigonometry\" src=\"http:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/trigonometry-300x94.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"94\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/trigonometry-300x94.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/trigonometry.jpg 632w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"50%\"><b>S\u00ednus af A<\/b> er lengd \u00e1 m\u00f3tl\u00e6gri skammhli\u00f0 deilt me\u00f0 lengd \u00e1 langhli\u00f0.<b>sin A = m\u00f3tl\u00e6g \/ langhli\u00f0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Tangens af A<\/b> er lengd \u00e1 m\u00f3tl\u00e6gri skammhli\u00f0 deilt me\u00f0 lengdinni \u00e1 a\u00f0l\u00e6gri skammhli\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p><b>tan A = m\u00f3tl\u00e6g \/ a\u00f0l\u00e6g<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>K\u00f3s\u00ednus af A<\/b> er lengdin \u00e1 a\u00f0l\u00e6gri skammhli\u00f0 deilt me\u00f0 lengdinni \u00e1 langhli\u00f0inni.<\/p>\n<p><b>kos A = a\u00f0l\u00e6g \/ langhli\u00f0<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Ruglingslegt? \u00dea\u00f0 eina sem \u00fe\u00fa \u00fearft er reikniv\u00e9l me\u00f0 hornaf\u00f6ll og \u00fe\u00fa gerir \u00feetta me\u00f0 <b>einum takka<\/b>. Ma\u00f0ur bara setur inn horni\u00f0, \u00fdtir \u00e1 vi\u00f0komandi hnapp og upp kemur r\u00e9tta talan.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Til d\u00e6mis, ef \u00fe\u00fa vilt vita hvert er s\u00ednusinn af 5\u00b0, \u00fe\u00e1 setur \u00fe\u00fa bara 5 \u00ed reikniv\u00e9lina og \u00fdtir \u00e1 <b>SIN<\/b> hnappinn. \u00de\u00e1 \u00e6tti reikniv\u00e9lin a\u00f0 s\u00fdna t\u00f6luna 0,0871543 me\u00f0 fleiri e\u00f0a f\u00e6rri aukast\u00f6fum eftir atvikum. Grunn algebra leysir s\u00ed\u00f0an restina (ein jafna, ein \u00f3\u00feekkt st\u00e6r\u00f0).<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">\u00deetta virkar au\u00f0vita\u00f0 bara ef ma\u00f0ur veit hornin. Ef ma\u00f0ur veit lengdir hli\u00f0anna \u00ed \u00fer\u00edhyrningi en ekki hornin, \u00fe\u00e1 er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota <b>ark f\u00f6llin<\/b> til a\u00f0 finna \u00feau.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Ark f\u00f6llin breyta t\u00f6lunum \u00far hornaf\u00f6llunum (s\u00ednus, k\u00f3s\u00ednus og tangens) aftur \u00ed horn. \u00deessi f\u00f6ll eru <b>arks\u00ednus<\/b>, <b>arkk\u00f3s\u00ednus<\/b> og <b>arktangens<\/b> (s\u00fdnd sem <b>SIN<\/b><sup><b>-1<\/b><\/sup>, <b>TAN<\/b><sup><b>-1<\/b><\/sup> og <b>COS<\/b><sup><b>-1<\/b><\/sup> \u00e1 flestum reikniv\u00e9lum).<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Gefum okkur a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum h\u00e6\u00f0ina sem vi\u00f0 eigum a\u00f0 lyfta v\u00e6ngendanum til a\u00f0 f\u00e1 r\u00e9ttan a\u00f0halla.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\">Vi\u00f0 vitum v\u00e6nghafi\u00f0 og hversu h\u00e1tt v\u00e6ngendinn \u00e1 a\u00f0 fara og \u00feetta eru tv\u00e6r hli\u00f0ar \u00ed \u00fer\u00edhyrningi. Vi\u00f0 deilum h\u00e1lfu v\u00e6nghafinu \u00ed h\u00e6\u00f0ina sem endinn \u00e1 a\u00f0 fara og f\u00e1um \u00fear me\u00f0 s\u00ednus hornsins \u00e1 a\u00f0hallanum. Vi\u00f0 setjum \u00fe\u00e1 t\u00f6lu \u00ed reikniv\u00e9lina og \u00fdtum \u00e1 <b>arks\u00ednus<\/b> (SIN<sup>-1<\/sup>) og reikniv\u00e9lin s\u00fdnir hvert <b>horni\u00f0<\/b> er.<\/p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\"><!--\nP { margin-bottom: 0.21cm; }A:link {  }\n--><\/style>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">H\u00f6fundarr\u00e9ttur \u00a9 2003 Paul K. Johnson<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"is-IS\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00de\u00fdtt me\u00f0 leyfi h\u00f6fundar &#8212; g<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hornafr\u00e6\u00f0i er besta verkf\u00e6ri\u00f0 \u00feegar unni\u00f0 er me\u00f0 horn. Oft er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 sk\u00fdra erfitt vandam\u00e1l me\u00f0 einf\u00f6ldu d\u00e6mi um \u00fer\u00edhyrning. Til d\u00e6mis er au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 s\u00fdna a\u00f0halla (e. dihedral) \u00e1 m\u00f3delv\u00e6ng sem \u00fer\u00edhyrning. Sm\u00ed\u00f0abor\u00f0i\u00f0 er ein hli\u00f0 \u00fer\u00edhyrningsins, v\u00e6nghelmingurinn &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/?page_id=1698\">Halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 lesa <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":18,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1698"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1698"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1698\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1709,"href":"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1698\/revisions\/1709"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flugmodel.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}